Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly increasing the likelihood of conditions such as hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Excess body fat, particularly visceral fat around the abdomen, contributes to metabolic and inflammatory changes that negatively affect heart health. Obesity is closely linked to hypertension due to increased blood volume and resistance in the arteries. It also raises cholesterol levels, leading to atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries) and increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, obesity is a primary driver of type 2 diabetes, which further elevates cardiovascular risk by damaging blood vessels and impairing circulation. Other obesity-related heart risks include sleep apnea, which can cause irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) and high blood pressure, and chronic inflammation, which weakens blood vessels over time. Lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight, are crucial for reducing cardiovascular risk. In some cases, medical treatments like weight-loss medications or bariatric surgery may be necessary. Managing obesity effectively can significantly lower the risk of heart disease and improve overall cardiovascular health, leading to a longer and healthier life.

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