11^th World Heart Congress March 28-29, 2022 Berlin, Germany

Biography:

Elham Ahmadi is a lecturer at the university and has participated in two research projects and has coached for several years as a coach in sports medicine clubs and is currently working on a new research project.

Abstract:

This study is conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of moderate physical activity (60% of maximal heart rate-MHR) on blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. Hypertension is considered a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease through physical activity. The purpose and significance of this study, was to investigate the role of exercise as an alternative therapy, since some patients exhibit sensitivity/intolerance to some drugs. Initially, 65 hypertensive males (average age = 49.7 years), (systolic blood pressure, SBP >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure, DBP>85 mmHg) and 25 hypertensive males as control group (average age = 50.3 years and systolic blood pressure, SBP >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure, DBP>85 mmHg) were selected. The subjects were divided based on their age, duration of disease, physical activity, and drug consumption. Then, blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured in all of the patients using sphygmomanometer (pre-test). The exercise sessions were consisted of warm up, aerobic activity and cool down (total duration 20 minutes for first session up to 55 minute in last session). At end of the 12thsession (mid-test) and final session (24thsession), blood pressure measured for last time (post-test). The control group was without any exercise during the study. The results were analyzed using t-test. Our results indicated that moderate physical activity was effective in lowering blood pressure by 6.4/5.6–mm Hg for SBP and 2.4/4.3–mm Hg for DBP in hypertensive patients, irrespective of age, duration of disease, and drug consumption ( P<.005). the control group indicate no changes in BP. Physical activity programs with moderate intensity (approximately at 60% MHR), three days per week, can be used not only as a preventive measure for diastolic hypertension (DBP>90 mmHg high blood pressure), but also as an alternative to drug therapy in the treatment of hypertension, as well.

Biography:

Cristina Rueda has finished her medical studies in 2007 at the University of Valencia. She completed his training in Cardiovascular Surgery in 2013 at the Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia where she worked as a Cardiovascular Surgeon until 2018. Since then she has worked at the Hospital General Universitario de Valencia. She has published papers in national and international journals and she has participated in clinical trials. Since 2008 she has collaborated with the Physiology Department of the University of Valencia in the vascular physiology research program.

Abstract:

Introduction

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) represent an important nanomaterial for medical use due to its potential antioxidant activity. Nanoceria has very attractive features such as high biocompatibility and large surface, which makes it an ideal therapeutic agent that can penetrate cell membranes and be used as a nanoceria. Despite its growing pharmaceutical relevance, nanoceria effects on cardiovascular system remain unexplored.

The main cause of saphenous vein bypass graft failure is the development of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress accelerates endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis leading to vascular homeostasis alteration. Our hypothesis is that administration of nanoceria can decrease superoxide anion levels enhancing the nitric oxide bioavailability. Thus, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effects of Nano ceria on vasodilatation response to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and whether it reduces oxidative stress on human saphenous vein.

Material and methods

Twenty human saphenous veins were extracted following the usual surgical procedure for coronary bypass.  Vein segments (3 mm long) were mounted for isometric recording of tension in organ baths chambers containing Krebs-Henseleit solution. Concentration-response curves to SNP (10-10-10-6M) were obtained in the absence and presence of nanoceria (10, 20 and 40 ug/ml) previously incubated for 30 minutes. Protein levels of soluble guanylil cyclase (sGC) and both isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured by western blot.

Results

Nanoceria 20 ug/ml shifted to the left the concentration-response curve to SNP, an endothelium-independent nitric oxide donor that triggers sGC activation. However, there were no changes in the protein levels of sGC after incubation with nanoceria, while there was an increase in the expression of both SOD isoforms. Therefore, the increased SNP-response could be related to the antioxidant activity of nanoceria.

Conclusions

Nanoceria exerts antioxidant properties by increasing the SOD 1 and SOD 2 protein expression. This effect decreases superoxide anion, thus enhancing the NO bioavailability and improving the vasodilator response to SNP in saphenous vein.

Biography:

Dedicated and caring cardiologist with more than 4 years’ experience in clinical practice, helping over 70 patients (inpatient and outpatient) with their cardiac ailments on a daily basis. Conducting research on cardiovascular disease and treating patients accordingly.Working as attending at Shiraz University of Medical Science for 4 years and teaching medical students and residents of cardiology Proficiency in teaching clinical cardiology and serve as a problem based learning (PBL) tutor at various stages in the medical program (The best attending of shiraz medical university at education).

Abstract:

Background: SYNTAX score is one of the risk assessment systems to predict cardiac events in acute coronary syndrome patients. Despite the large number of SYNTAX score benefits, invasive methods such as coronary angiography are necessary to perform the scoring. We hypothesized that ECG parameters could predict the SYNTAX score in unstable angina patients.

Methods: During the retrospective cohort study, a total number of 876 patients were diagnosed with unstable angina. After applying the exclusion criteria, 600 patients were divided into tertiles based on the SYNTAX scores as low (0–22), intermediate (23–32), and high (≥ 33). The association between ECG parameters and SYNTAX score was investigated.

Results: The study included 65% men and 35% women with a mean age of 62.4 ± 9.97 years. The delayed transition zone of QRS complex, ST-depression in inferior-lateral territories or/and in all three territories, and T-wave inversion in lateral territory were significant (p < 0.05) independent predictors of intermediate SYNTAX score. High SYNTAX score was predicted by the presence of prolonged P wave duration, ST-depression in lateral territory or/and anterior-lateral territories, ST-elevation in aVR–III leads or/and aVR–III–V1 leads. Among those, all three territories ST-depression (AUC: 0.611, sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 51%) and aVR + III ST-elevation (AUC: 0.672, sensitivity: 50.12%, specificity: 80.50%) were the most accurate parameters to predict intermediate and high SYNTAX scores, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that accompanying the STE in the right side leads (aVR, III, V1) with ST-depression in other leads indicates the patients with high SYNTAX score; meanwhile, diffuse ST-depression without ST-elevation is a marker for intermediate SYNTAX score in unstable angina patients and can be applied for early risk stratification and intervention.

Biography:

I am Kaushika Premchand working as a doctor in NLC India general Hospital “a navaratna enterprise “. I have presented 10 research papers at various international journal and conference. I am a member of Indian medical Association and involved in providing continuous medical education I am appreciated and interviewed by various media, newspaper and FM for my medical services especially at working borderline areas

Abstract:

Introduction

Heart angiography is among the often frequently in clinical cardiology, done procedures and it remains to be the "gold standard" of coronary artery disease for anatomical diagnosis.

However, invasive coronary angiography need not considered as a first line investigation despite it is important. Nuclear perfusion imaging, stress ECGs, and echocardiograms, are some of the functional tests that are frequently advised for many of these individuals as initial tests. There are numerous functional tests that can be found and practiced. Functional tests, in addition to being useful for diagnosing disease, also give independent as well as extra prognostic information (Marwick et al., 1997).

Characteristics of patients

A total of 802 patients were assessed. 491 patients (61.1) who had coronary artery disease, 9 percent (72) had heart failure, 15.8 percent (127) ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, 8.7 percent (70 patients) who underwent valvular heart disease, and 1.5 percent (11 patients) no cardiac surgery (0.8 percent). 29.4 percent coronary angiography.

Investigations & functional tests prior to angiography

The 12-lead electrocardiogram was performed on all patients as a routine of the starting diagnostic work-up before they were scheduled to have coronary angiography performed. Twelve-lead electrocardiography was normal in 32.5 percent (261 patients), was uninterruptable in 3.7 percent (30 patients), revealed ischemia changes in 37.7 percent (337 patients) and exhibited non-specific abnormalities in 21.7 percent (174 patients).

Prior to coronary angiography, the patient's left ventricular function was evaluated as routine diagnostic workup in another 123 patients using radionuclide                 ventriculography, and in 232 patients (28.9 percent) with echocardiography, as part of the diagnostic work up (15.3 percent). A total of 37 patients (3.6 percent) who had previously undergone contrast ventriculography were evaluated for left ventricular function. In 410 individuals, there was prior to coronary angiography no assessment of left ventricular functions performed (51.1 percent). Inpatients were significantly less likely than day-only patients to having the left ventricular function assessed when compared to day-only patients prior to coronary angiography. (36.9 percent vs. 62.9 percent, p0.001). The left ventricular function of 392 individuals was assessed, and 38 percent (149) had less than 50 percent, an ejection fraction, whereas normal function was for 243 patients, according to the findings (ejection fraction 50 percent).

Among the 369 day-only patients, 262 (71 percent) had functional tests completed, compared to only 75 (17.3 percent) of the 433 inpatients (p0.001). The study found that inpatients were considerably less likely than day-only patients prior to coronary angiography to have had functional testing, after even excluding the 197 patients who had from the analysis elevated cardiac Troponin T levels (28.5 percent vs 71.6 percent, p0.001). Compared to individuals without such a history, patients who had had percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), documented myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery to having functional testing performed prior to coronary angiography were very unlikely. (79/224, 35.3 percent versus 258/578, 44.6 percent, p=0.016). According to the findings of the study, out of 491 patients who were considered for examination of chest discomfort not related with either ST elevation or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction only 288 (58.6 percent) had functional tests done prior to angiography. Patients performed exercise electrocardiography in 139 cases (13.6 percent), exercise echocardiography in 41 cases (5.1 percent), exercise nuclear perfusion scan in 57 cases (7.1 percent), and vasodilator stress nuclear perfusion scan in 130 cases (16.2 percent).

Results of pre-angiogram tests

In Acute myocardial infarction patients, a clear link was discovered between the amount to which guidelines were followed and their one-year mortality (Schiele et al., 2005).

Even after adjusting for clinical risk, compliance remained an independent predictor of survival in the long term outcome

Biography:

Donato Cappetta graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology at University of Naples “Federico II”. After receiving his doctorate in Pharmacology at Second University of Naples focusing on the role of cardiac progenitor cells in myocardial regeneration, he joined a stem cell laboratory at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. Back in Naples, Donato carried out, with his current research group, studies on characterizing molecular and cellular aspects involved in drug cardiotoxicity, and onset and progression of heart failure.

Abstract:

The majority of elderly patients with heart failure has a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) that constitutes a syndrome characterized by frequent hospitalizations and high mortality. Despite the growing social burden of HFpEF, the comprehension of its pathophysiology is incomplete, and treatment remains largely undefined. Aging itself may contribute independently to deterioration of diastolic function. A recent trial has demonstrated the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan in reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with HF with reduced EF.

Material and Methods

18-month old female Fischer 344 rats were treated with oral administration of either sacubitril/valsartan (60 mg/kg/die, 1:1 ratio) or valsartan alone (30 mg/kg/die) for 12 weeks. Age-matched and 3-month old young animals were administered with vehicle, and served as controls. Tail-cuff method was used to monitor blood pressure weekly. Echocardiography and left ventricle catheterization were employed to assess systolic and diastolic function, at baseline, and before sacrifice. Cardiac tissue was used for molecular biology and histochemistry assays.

Results and Conclusions

Systolic function remained unaltered in all experimental groups. Tail-cuff analysis indicated a comparable decrease in blood pressure between treatments. Hypertrophy also showed a significant reduction with both treatments. On the contrary, myocardial function analysis demonstrated that no treatment was efficacy on diastolic dysfunction. The lack of improvement of cardiac function could be attributed to the inability of the treatments to counteract the accumulation of fibrotic tissue in the left ventricle, which, in turn, is attributable to the failure to reduce the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, and to the inability to modulate angiotensin II pathway. Our results evidenced that both sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan treatment was able to improve diastolic function and pro-fibrotic remodeling, partly due to a lack of effect on classical and non-classical pathways of angiotensin II.